Explaining the pattern of resilience of the city in the against of biological disasters and Contagious diseases "Case study: Covid 19 in Zanjan city"

Resiliency models emphasize on the capabilities and methods by which people and societies deal with crises and calamities. With the aim of explaining city resiliency, this study investigates suitable approaches used to combat biological disasters including Covid-19 pandemic. In terms of goal, this study is of applied type and in terms of type of research it is a descriptive- analytical study. By making use of questionnaire and interview, the data were identified and categorized. Finally, upon completion of theme analysis process using ground theory approach, 40 main themes were obtained. The researchers designated the themes with distinguished names in the form of 12 general concepts and 40 sub-sets and these indices were selected for factorial analysis: physical-environmental, health infrastructure, managerial, cultural & social conditions, institutional conditions, economic conditions, public knowledge, social value creation, preventive performance, social health enhancement and facilitation of health services. The relationships among variable used in the paradigm and conceptual model of this study are presented and the data were analyzed using SPSS 22 & LISREL software. Based on our findings, the relationship between cultural-social conditions and resiliency (0.88) imposes the highest impact and the less effective relationship relates to that between managerial index and cultural-social conditions (0.41). Given the output of LISREL, the value of X2 computed as 1105.34 and the low value of this index indicates the small difference between conceptual model and observed data of this study. The value of RMSEA equals 0.037 and it is below 0.08 that indicates the model’s mean squared error is of desired degree. Moreover, based on the study relationships, there is a positive and significant relationship among the variables of city resilience study and there is a significant relationship among the aspects of resilience pattern for combating Covid-19 pandemic.